*{box-sizing:border-box} html{background:#000}
body{margin:0;background:#000;color:#EDEDE8;font-family:'Source Sans 3',-apple-system,'Segoe UI',Roboto,'Helvetica Neue',Arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.55;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a{color:#EDEDE8;text-decoration:none} a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.wrap{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 24px}
.pk{border-bottom:1px solid #26261F}
.pk-top{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:10px 0 0}
.pk-lang{font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:.08em;color:#9C9C94}
.pk-lang a{color:#9C9C94;margin-right:14px}.pk-lang a.on{color:#EDEDE8;font-weight:700}
.pk-logo{text-align:center;padding:2px 0 4px}
.pk-logo a{font-size:27px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.14em;color:#fff}
.pk-logo .sub{display:block;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.34em;color:#9C9C94;font-weight:400;margin-top:1px}
.pk-auth{font-size:13.5px;text-align:right}
.pk-auth a{margin-left:16px;color:#EDEDE8}
.pk-auth .sub-btn{border:1px solid #EDEDE8;padding:5px 14px;font-weight:700}
.pk-nav{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:34px;padding:9px 0 11px;border-top:1px solid #1A1A16;margin-top:8px}
.pk-nav a{font-size:14.5px;letter-spacing:.05em;color:#C9C9C0}
.pk-nav a.on{color:#fff;font-weight:700;border-bottom:2px solid #E0313C;padding-bottom:2px}
.tape{border-bottom:1px solid #26261F;padding:8px 0;font-size:13.5px;color:#9C9C94;white-space:nowrap;overflow-x:auto}
.tape b{color:#EDEDE8;font-weight:700}
.up{color:#E0313C;font-weight:700}.down{color:#1B5CFF;font-weight:700}.flat{color:#9C9C94}
h1{font-size:40px;line-height:1.12;margin:34px 0 6px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.01em;color:#fff}
h2{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#9C9C94;border-bottom:1px solid #26261F;padding-bottom:8px;margin:42px 0 16px;font-weight:700}
.lede{font-size:18px;color:#C9C9C0;max-width:760px}
.asof{font-size:12.5px;color:#6E6E66;letter-spacing:.03em;margin-top:10px}
.grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(320px,1fr));gap:0;border-top:1px solid #26261F;border-left:1px solid #26261F}
.card{border-right:1px solid #26261F;border-bottom:1px solid #26261F;padding:20px 22px}
.tick{font-size:13px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#fff}
.cname{font-size:13.5px;color:#9C9C94;margin-top:1px}
.cval{font-size:38px;font-weight:800;color:#fff;margin:8px 0 2px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.crow{font-size:13.5px;color:#C9C9C0;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.cnote{font-size:12px;color:#6E6E66;margin-top:10px}
.na-list{font-size:13.5px;color:#6E6E66;padding:12px 0}
.na-list span{margin-right:26px}
table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:14.5px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
th{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#9C9C94;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #26261F;padding:8px 10px 8px 0}
td{border-bottom:1px solid #1A1A16;padding:8px 10px 8px 0;color:#EDEDE8}
td.r,th.r{text-align:right}
.cols{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:36px}@media(max-width:820px){.cols{grid-template-columns:1fr}.pk-nav{gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap}}
.item{padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #1A1A16}
.item .d{font-size:12px;color:#6E6E66;letter-spacing:.05em}
.item .t{font-size:15.5px}
.item .o{font-size:12.5px;color:#9C9C94}
.chip{display:inline-block;border:1px solid #26261F;padding:3px 10px;margin:0 6px 6px 0;font-size:12.5px;color:#C9C9C0}
footer{border-top:1px solid #26261F;margin-top:56px;padding:22px 0 34px;font-size:12.5px;color:#6E6E66;line-height:1.7}
.kv{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(170px,1fr));gap:0;border-top:1px solid #26261F;border-left:1px solid #26261F}
.kv div{border-right:1px solid #26261F;border-bottom:1px solid #26261F;padding:12px 16px}
.kv .k{font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#9C9C94;text-transform:uppercase}
.kv .v{font-size:21px;font-weight:700;color:#fff;margin-top:2px}
.btn{display:inline-block;border:1px solid #EDEDE8;padding:7px 16px;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;margin-right:10px}
.bodytext{font-size:16px;color:#C9C9C0;max-width:840px}
.small{font-size:13px;color:#9C9C94}
td.wrap,td.w{white-space:normal;min-width:180px}

/* ---- vlsi.kr platform header (canonical, browser-verified 2026-10-25) ---- */
.p-top{background:#000;border-bottom:1px solid #1d1d20}
.p-top-in{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;height:66px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto 1fr;align-items:center}
.p-lang{font-size:13.5px;color:#fff;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px}
.p-lang .car{color:#e8e8e6;font-size:11px}
.p-brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px}
.p-brand img{width:37px;height:37px;display:block}
.p-brand .wm{color:#fff;font-size:25px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:0}
.p-actions{justify-self:end;display:flex;align-items:center}
.p-subscribe{background:#fff;color:#000;font-size:14.5px;font-weight:700;padding:10px 20px;border-radius:0;white-space:nowrap}
.p-subscribe:hover{text-decoration:none}
.p-nav{background:#000;border-bottom:1px solid #26262b}
.p-nav-in{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;height:50px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:30px}
.p-nav a{color:#d7d7d3;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;padding:6px 0}
.p-nav a .car{color:#8b9096;font-size:10.5px;margin-left:4px}
.p-nav a.on{color:#fff;font-weight:700}
.p-search{color:#d7d7d3;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:7px}
@media(max-width:900px){.p-nav-in{gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;height:auto;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px}.p-brand .wm{font-size:20px}}
/* ---- home v2 (preview v2 port, scoped under .hv2) ---- */
.hv2{color:#c9cdd4}
.hv2 .tape{border-bottom:1px solid #1d1d20;white-space:normal;overflow:visible;padding:0}
.hv2 .tape-in{padding:9px 0;font-size:13px;color:#8b9096;display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline}
.hv2 .tape b{color:#e8e8e6;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.02em}
.hv2 .tape .sep{color:#3a3a40}
.hv2 .tape .asof{margin-left:auto;font-size:12px;color:#6d7278}
.hv2 .hero{padding:64px 0 8px}
.hv2 .kick{font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:.22em;color:#9aa3ad;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase}
.hv2 .hero h1{color:#fff;font-size:52px;line-height:1.06;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:-.022em;margin:16px 0 18px}
.hv2 .hero .sub{font-size:18.5px;line-height:1.55;color:#c9cdd4;max-width:640px}
.hv2 .hero .meta{margin-top:20px;font-size:12.5px;color:#6d7278;letter-spacing:.02em}
.hv2 section{padding:52px 0 6px}
.hv2 .shead{display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;border-bottom:1px solid #33333a;padding-bottom:14px;margin-bottom:30px}
.hv2 .shead h2{color:#fff;font-size:21px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-.01em;text-transform:none;border-bottom:none;padding-bottom:0;margin:0}
.hv2 .shead h2 .ko{color:#8b9096;font-weight:500;font-size:15px;margin-left:9px}
.hv2 .shead .snote{font-size:12.5px;color:#6d7278}
.hv2 .today{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:0;border:1px solid #26262b}
.hv2 .tcell{padding:24px 26px 22px;border-left:1px solid #26262b}
.hv2 .tcell:first-child{border-left:none}
.hv2 .tcell .tn{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.18em;color:#6d7278;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px}
.hv2 .tcell p{font-size:16.5px;line-height:1.5;color:#e8e8e6}
.hv2 .tcell p b{color:#fff}
.hv2 .today-note{margin-top:14px;font-size:12.5px;color:#6d7278;line-height:1.6}
.hv2 .icards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px}
.hv2 .icard{border:1px solid #26262b;padding:26px 26px 20px;display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.hv2 .ict{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline}
.hv2 .ticker{color:#fff;font-size:15px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.06em}
.hv2 .imeth{font-size:10.5px;color:#6d7278;letter-spacing:.04em}
.hv2 .iname{font-size:13px;color:#9aa3ad;margin-top:5px}
.hv2 .ival{color:#fff;font-size:47px;font-weight:750;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:16px 0 6px;line-height:1}
.hv2 .irow{font-size:14.5px;display:flex;gap:7px;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:wrap}
.hv2 .ilab{font-size:10.5px;color:#6d7278;letter-spacing:.08em;font-weight:600}
.hv2 .idot{color:#3a3a40}
.hv2 .ibase{font-size:12.5px;color:#8b9096;margin-top:11px;line-height:1.55}
.hv2 .ibase b{color:#d7d7d3}
.hv2 .spark{width:100%;height:64px;margin-top:16px}
.hv2 .ifoot{border-top:1px solid #1d1d20;margin-top:16px;padding-top:13px;font-size:11.5px;line-height:1.6;color:#6d7278}
.hv2 .pipeline{margin-top:22px;border:1px solid #1d1d20;padding:13px 20px;font-size:12.5px;color:#6d7278;display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline}
.hv2 .pipeline .pl{color:#9aa3ad;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.1em;font-size:11px}
.hv2 .pipeline b{color:#a9adb4;font-weight:600}
.hv2 .cow-title{color:#fff;font-size:27px;font-weight:750;letter-spacing:-.015em;line-height:1.3;max-width:880px}
.hv2 .cow-sub{font-size:14px;color:#9aa3ad;margin-top:10px}
.hv2 .chartbox{position:relative;margin-top:26px;border:1px solid #26262b;padding:22px 18px 8px}
.hv2 .bigchart{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
.hv2 .bigchart .ax{fill:#6d7278;font-size:12px}
.hv2 .bigchart .axl{fill:#8b9096;font-size:12px}
.hv2 .bigchart .endlab{font-size:14.5px;font-weight:700}
.hv2 .chartwm{position:absolute;right:150px;bottom:52px;width:58px;opacity:.10;pointer-events:none}
.hv2 .sig{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:22px}
.hv2 .sigcol{border:1px solid #26262b;padding:22px 24px}
.hv2 .sigcol h3{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.16em;color:#9aa3ad;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:16px;text-transform:uppercase}
.hv2 .mrow{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:16px;padding:8.5px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #1d1d20;font-size:14.5px}
.hv2 .mrow:last-child{border-bottom:none}
.hv2 .mname{color:#e8e8e6}
.hv2 .sigcol p{font-size:13.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#9aa3ad}
.hv2 .sigcol p b{color:#e8e8e6}
.hv2 .mkts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:22px}
.hv2 .mkt{border:1px solid #26262b;padding:24px 26px}
.hv2 .mkt h3{color:#fff;font-size:16.5px;font-weight:700}
.hv2 .mkt p{font-size:13.5px;color:#9aa3ad;line-height:1.65;margin-top:9px}
.hv2 .mkt .chip{margin-top:15px;font-size:13px;color:#c9cdd4}
.hv2 .mkt .chip b{color:#fff;font-weight:700}
.hv2 .line-note{font-size:14.5px;color:#9aa3ad;line-height:1.7;max-width:880px}
.hv2 .line-note b{color:#e8e8e6}
.hv2 .dgrid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:22px}
.hv2 .ditem{border-top:2px solid #33333a;padding-top:16px}
.hv2 .ditem h3{color:#fff;font-size:15.5px;font-weight:700}
.hv2 .ditem p{font-size:13px;color:#9aa3ad;line-height:1.65;margin-top:8px}
@media(max-width:900px){.hv2 .icards,.hv2 .today,.hv2 .sig,.hv2 .mkts{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hv2 .dgrid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.hv2 .tcell{border-left:none;border-top:1px solid #26262b}.hv2 .tcell:first-child{border-top:none}.hv2 .hero h1{font-size:38px}}